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消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
三立記者汪倩如：「這邊是一家診所，而旁邊是按高中英文單字表7000摩店，他們的招牌都寫韓文，事實上這整條街幾乎每一家的招牌都寫韓國字，我以為我來到了韓國的某條街，但這裡卻是菲律賓。」
韓式夜店、KTV攻佔大街小巷，市中心、觀光區都能吃到最正宗的銅板烤肉，隔幾條街就是韓貨超市，雜糧、日用品通通飄洋過海來
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
三立記者汪倩如：「它還有賣石鍋耶！石鍋拌高中英文單字表7000飯的石鍋，made in Korea。」
阿里郎的生活習慣整套搬到菲律賓，因為長住在菲國的韓人多達10萬，2013年菲律賓470萬人次的觀光客中，有三分之一來自南韓。韓進造船廠，更砸高中英文單字表7000十億在蘇比克灣建基地，從企業到民間高中英文單字表7000，韓勢力大舉進軍，在新南洋建立第2個家，因為菲律賓可是進入東協的灘頭堡。
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
每年至少有10萬個韓國學生專門來菲律賓學英文。
SME語言學校韓國學生Mike：「一般韓國的公司招員工都會要求多益成績、多益口說，我也需要這個分數，所以我到這邊學英文。」韓國學制鼓勵大學生海外進修，企業更願意替員工埋單，讓他們出國學英文，到美加遊學，光學費、交通、生活費1個月至少15萬起跳，菲律賓語言學校上課、吃住全包，價格硬是只要1/3，低廉成本讓韓商早在10年前就佈局設校。
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
「宿霧」是語言學校的大本營，像這一間大老闆就是韓國人，400位教職員清一色是當地師資。
三立記者汪倩如：「一間教室，一個老師對一個學生，這是菲律賓語言學校最大的特色，相對於歐美、澳洲、紐西蘭其他國家的語言學校，在這裡因為師資成本較低，所以發展出這樣一間一間的一對一教學，而且每一間每一堂至少是三個小時起跳。」家教式學習法，逼你一定要開口。
SME語言學校菲籍老師：「台灣學生和韓國日本相比，似乎是落後的，不只是口說發音，幾乎全落後，包括文法和字彙。」
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
學生數多、開課多，選課就有變化。在一群韓國人身影中，我們也找到了台灣學生。
赴菲學英語台生張永彤：「這是我的房間，這邊比較熱，我先開冷氣，這裡幾乎所有電氣設備都是韓國品牌，或者是其他品牌，都是韓資的。」她是張永彤，在台灣從事多年公關業，選擇暫停工作，先休息、充電，一個人到菲律賓，目標很明確。.
張永彤：「我來這邊就是要衝高多益分數，所以每天都會到這間教室訓練聽力，這間教室會播放類似像多益這樣的測驗，從第一級到第四級都有。」
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
每天就是房間、教室兩邊跑，只在學校樓層間移動，4個月以來過最簡單的生活，把學校當英文戰鬥營。
張永彤：「如果是寒暑假，根本是韓國人的天下，他們很習慣寒暑假就會有小學生、中學生、大學生那種類似夏令營，是一整個學校一起過來。」
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
有學校就是專門針對亞洲學生，提供國際考試的專門課程。宿霧約有30間語言學校，競爭激烈也各自發展出特色。像這間靠近機場海邊，美式風格學校，氣氛大不同。學生來自世界各地，國籍多元、學風自由是它的特色。標準泳池、開放式校區沒有門禁，除了英語課外，還有排球、籃球等休閒規劃，上課兼渡假。不同文化背景的學生交朋友，觀念互相撞擊。
CELI語言學校學生Joyce：「他們不會每個字都發得很準，他們就用自己的方式，譬如說一句話就巴巴巴就帶過去，妳就會覺得，已經講完了嗎？」小地球村，先挑戰不同口音。
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
CIP語言學校韓國經理Jo Jin Young：「我們最大的特色是，外國老師的比例最多，大概百分之40。」
若比較屬意歐美的師資，也有韓商在克拉克開學校，因為前美軍基地的淵源，不少 暑假進入尾聲，學校也準備開學，不過由於正式教師名額有限，授課時數相對較多的情況下，多數學校必須短期聘請具有底薪的代課教師，或是領取鐘點的代理教師。但是代理教師福利落差太大，也面臨代理教師嚴重不足的問題。
老師在教室裡忙著準備教科書，下星期國中小學就要開學了，但全台卻還有一千多所學校還找不到老師。
馬祖敬恆國小，開出月薪四萬元高薪，標榜不用面對怪獸家長，只要大學畢業就可以當老師，偏鄉學校招老師本來就不容易，但現在連都會區國中小代理老師也缺很大。
北市民族國小校長黃耀農：以往大概七月份，我們大概代理代課教師的招聘，就都可以完成，開始排課務排他們的局務。現在這一兩年，大概都到八月中八月下旬，你會看到很多學校都還在招聘，整個台北市校長協會有通訊群組，上面每一個學校常常說，就說我們學校缺英文老師，我們學校缺什麼老師什麼老師，希望你們能幫忙。
找不到老師，校長實在好急。就是因為101年，中小學教師得課所得稅後授課節數減少，因此代理和代課的需求增加，以台北市為例，103學年上學期，國小代理缺額280人，下學期暴增近一倍要407人，國中缺額也是一樣，但卻怎麼招都招不滿。
台灣師範大學生：(代理老師)覺得也不錯，當一個實戰的經驗，就我所知可能沒有什麼保障，或者是薪水太低之類的，可能會比較考慮像是家教這樣，因為家教你多接兩個或三個，你不用全心全意在(班級)教學上面。
代理教師的年薪，比全職老師少兩個月，而鐘點教師薪資國小一堂課才260、國中360，這樣的薪資條件的確很難吸引老師來徵試。
北市民族國小校長黃耀農：年輕的老師或許認為，可能需要再多找一點機會，或者他們是希望更精進一點，去考正式(老師)的缺。
眼看就要開學，擔心課程開天窗，學校說會找退休老師或有學士學位的家長協助教學，但這可不是長遠之道，教育部若不插手，老師荒恐怕還會持續下去。西方人常居這一帶。就有CIP語言學校美籍老師表示，他也曾是美軍，20年的陸戰隊。老美軍一對一教英文，團體課的老師也是空軍退役，氣氛打造得像美式校園，但過去專為韓國學生創立的學校，近幾年開始出現變化。
消失的國界／日本,韓國,菲律賓,教育,國際競爭力
CIP語言學校韓國經理Jo Jin Young：「應該3、4年以前，日本人在菲律賓學習的市場開始擴大。」
跟隨韓國，近年日本也開始利用菲國英語資源，2010年開始，日資也積極搶進，選在科技園區設校，區隔市場。走上班族、現代化風格，專門針對商務客。還特地從倫敦引進CALLAN學習法，一對一高壓問答，逼出直覺式反應，為的就是能讓在職進修者短時間就能提昇口說，韓國、日本將青年子弟兵送往海外再造競爭力，也意外捧紅菲律賓。Top Asian News at 8:30 p.m. GMT
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Associated PressAssociated Press – 2015年9月9日 上午4:32
NARAHA, Japan (AP) — A few signs of life are returning to this rural town made desolate by the Fukushima nuclear disaster four-and-a-half years ago: Carpenters bang on houses, an occasional delivery truck drives by and a noodle shop has opened to serve employees who have returned to Naraha's small town hall. But weeds cover the now rusty train tracks, there are no sounds of children and wild boars still roam around at night. On the outskirts of town, thousands of black industrial storage bags containing radiation-contaminated soil and debris stretch out across barren fields.
SINGAPORE (AP) — As the day turns into night, they gather in the green field in the eastern corner of this island nation just above the equator. Some have come with foldable stools, some with picnic mats while others settle down on bare grass waving blue flags and yellow inflatable hammers. Soon the crowd swells to about 30,000, waiting to hear the star of the night's show -- opposition leader Sylvia Lim. A policewoman-turned law teacher-turned-politician, Lim is the face of Singapore's resurgent opposition that just three elections ago in 2001 had hit a political nadir. Its leader, the late J.B. Jeyaretnam who attained folklore stature in the country's politics, had been bankrupted after contesting a series of lawsuits unleashed by the ruling People's Action Party. The Workers' Party and another opposition group had only one seat each in the 84-member Parliament.
SEOUL, South Korea (AP) — North and South Korea agreed Tuesday to hold reunions next month of families separated by the Korean War in the early 1950s, a small but important bit of progress for rivals that just last month were threatening each other with war. One hundred mostly elderly people from each country will be reunited with their relatives Oct. 20-26 at the Diamond Mountain resort in North Korea, according to Seoul's Unification Ministry and North Korean state media.
BEIJING (AP) — Schoolchildren waved flags and paramilitary troops marched in full battle dress at a mass spectacle China staged Tuesday to mark 50 years since establishing Tibet as an ethnic autonomous region firmly under Beijing's control. The event lauded Tibet's economic successes under Communist Party rule, even as activists criticized its record on human rights.
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — Homegrown militants loyal to the Islamic State group are making inroads into Afghanistan, controlling territory in some parts of the country and ruling with the harsh hand the group is notorious for in Iraq and Syria, according to officials, military leaders and analysts. IS expansion into Afghanistan has been a concern for both Afghan and international authorities for months, with officials warning that the militant group was actively recruiting members from other Islamic militant groups, including the rival Taliban.
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — The U.S. military says it will investigate an airstrike carried out in southern Afghanistan after local officials said 11 police and counter-narcotics agents were killed. Brig. Gen. Wilson Shoffner says in a statement issued Tuesday that "based on information we received today, we feel it is prudent to investigate the airstrike our forces conducted in Kandahar" on Sunday.
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) — Just five years ago, when Aung San Suu Kyi was still under house arrest, she commented that one day she hoped to get a Twitter account and chat with the outside world. On Tuesday, the opposition leader kicked off campaigning for Myanmar's historic Nov. 8 general election with a Facebook post — one of many signs of how far the country and its most recognizable politician have come in a few years.
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) — Campaigning kicked off Tuesday for Myanmar's Nov. 8 general election, which is expected to be the Southeast Asian country's most credible vote in more than a half-century. A long-ruling junta made way for a civilian government more than four years ago, but the military still retains a powerful role, and political and economic reforms have been stymied by persistent ethnic strife and natural disasters. Associated Press writers based across Asia who have covered Myanmar for many years outline the key issues at stake: ___
ISLAMABAD (AP) — A senior Pakistani official is expressing optimism that recent tensions with neighboring India over the bitterly disputed Kashmir region can be defused. Sartaj Aziz, national security and foreign affairs adviser to the Pakistani prime minister, said Tuesday that the commander of Pakistan's border forces will travel to New Delhi Wednesday to meet his Indian counterpart.
In this photo by Tsering Topgyal, people cover their faces and run in smoke as a municipal worker fumigates a residential area to prevent mosquitoes from breeding in New Delhi. Civic authorities are taking action to prevent dengue fever after a sharp rise in the mosquito-borne disease. Press Trust of India says this year's total of nearly 1,260 cases in New Delhi is the highest in five years. Dengue can cause fever, severe joint pain and headaches. There is no treatment.
TOKYO (AP) — Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe won a new term as president of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party on Tuesday after facing no opposition for the job. He told reporters afterward that he would push his ongoing economic revival plan, saying "Abenomics is still partway through."
MANILA, Philippines (AP) — A U.N. agency is mounting a worldwide campaign for equal pay for women, who get 24 percent less than men on global average and around 30 percent less for those in Asia. Recent estimates by the International Labor Organization shows gender inequality in employment across Asia alone is costing $45 billion a year, with 45 percent of working-age women outside the labor force compared to 19 percent for men, the leader of the U.N. Women agency, Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, told a forum at the Asian Development Bank headquarters.
CANBERRA, Australia (AP) — A multi-million dollar deal to resettle refugees from an Australia-run detention camp on the Pacific nation of Nauru to Cambodia has been irreparably damaged by a Rohingya refugee's decision to go home to Myanmar, the opposition and refugee advocates said on Tuesday. Only four refugees — two Iranian men, an Iranian woman and the Rohingya man — took up the offer of cash, free health insurance and accommodation to resettle from Nauru to a gated coFAIRFAX, Va. (AP) — Fairfax County Commonwealth's Attorney RayRIVERDALE PARK, Md. (AP) — Police say a man apparently on PCP withstood several rounds of shocks from a stun gun and pepper spray before officers could take him into custody.
Riverdale Park Police Chief David Morris commended officers for their restraint during the confrontation Friday at a McDonald's, where they responded to a call about a man throwing chairs who appeared to be hallucinating.
Morris says that the man had minor injuries and that officers arguably saved his life.
The chief says the man, 41-year-old Marcus Moycherilli of Washington, was charged by criminal summons with assault, disorderly conduct and resisting arrest.
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This story has been corrected to show the last name of the suspect is Moycherilli, not Moycherielli. Morrogh says he will not bring criminal charges against jail deputies who used a stun gun on a restrained inmate who later died.
Morrogh released a report Tuesday calling the death of 37-year-old Natasha McKenna a "tragic accident." He had been evaluating whether to bring charges for the past two months.
McKenna, who was African-American, died in February, days after a team of deputies used a hood and a stun gun on McKenna while she was in restraints during a cell transfer. McKenna had a history of mental illness and had previously attacked a deputy.
A medical examiner had previously ruled her death accidental.
Her death remains the subject of a federal civil rights investigationmmunity in the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh in early June.
BEIJING (AP) — A Chinese court publicly apologized to 19 people it wrongfully convicted of financial crimes in a rare show of contrition by the country's authoritarian and highly opaque legal system. The apology from the People's High Court for the eastern province of Anhui appeared in a local newspaper on Monday. The court said it wished to help restore the reputations of the individuals, all of whom were imprisoned in 2012 on charges of illegal fundraising, or fraud.
PHNOM PENH, Cambodia (AP) — A large fire engulfed a popular nightclub in the Cambodian capital, killing at least five women who were trapped in one of the rooms, an official said Tuesday. Two men were critically injured. The fire apparently started in the sound mixing room about two hours before the Key Club nightclub was to open at 10 p.m. Monday evening, said Col. Neth Vantha, chief of the Phnom Penh fire department.Twenty-five years ago, Ni Meijuan earned $19 a month working the spinning machines at a vast textile factory in the Chinese city of Hangzhou.
25年前，倪美娟（音譯）還在中國大陸杭州市的一家大型紡織廠裡操作紡紗機，月薪19美元。
Now at the Keer Group’s cotton mill in South Carolina, which opened in March, Ms. Ni is training American workers to do the job she used to do.
如今，倪美娟在科爾集團今年三月在美國南卡羅來納州開設的棉紡廠裡工作，培訓美國工人，教他們如何做自己以前做過的工作。
“They’re quick learners,” Ms. Ni said after showing two fresh recruits how to tease errant wisps of cotton from the machines’ grinding gears. “But they have to learn to be quicker.”
「他們學得很快，」向兩名新進員工展示完如何梳理紡織機研磨齒輪上殘留的棉絮後，倪美娟如此表示。「可是他們還得學得更快才行。」
Textile producers from formerly low-cost nations are starting to set up shop in America. It is part of a blurring of once seemingly clear-cut boundaries between high- and low-cost manufacturing nations that few would have predicted a decade ago.
來自先前成本低廉國家的紡織品生產商，已經開始在美國設廠。由此亦可見，高成本與低成本生產國之間曾經顯得十分清楚的界線已經開始泯滅，而這在十年前是少有人料想得到的。
圖片來源／Kimberly Vardeman(CC BY-SA 2.0)
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Textile production in China is becoming increasingly unprofitable after years of rising wages, higher energy bills and mounting logistical costs, as well as new government quotas on the import of cotton. At the same time, manufacturing costs in the United States are becoming more competitive. In Lancaster County, where Indian Land is located, Keer has found residents desperate for work, even at depressed wages, as well as access to cheap and abundant land and energy and heavily subsidized cotton.
工資、水電費、物流成本連年上漲，加上中國政府對棉花進口實行新的配額限制，紡織品生產在中國越來越不賺錢。在此同時，美國的製造成本卻越來越有競爭力。科爾集團在印第安蘭德所在的蘭開斯特郡發現，就算工資壓低，當地居民仍然渴望上工，此外，當地還有大量便宜的土地和能源，以及高額補貼的棉花。
Politicians, from the county to the state to the federal government, have raced to ply Keer with grants and tax breaks to bring back manufacturing jobs once thought to be lost forever.
從郡到州再到聯邦政府，美國各級政界人士不斷爭相提供科爾集團各種補貼和減稅優惠，希望贏回一度以為已經一去不回的製造業職缺。
The prospect of a sweeping Pacific trade agreement that is led by the United States, and excludes China, is also driving Chinese yarn companies to gain a foothold here, lest they be shut out of the lucrative American market.
美國主導的《跨太平洋夥伴協定》範圍廣泛，中國卻被排除在外。這個前景同樣驅使中國紡織企業前往美國取得立足之地，以免被排除在獲利豐厚的美國市場之外。
Keer’s $218 million mill spins yarn from raw cotton to sell to textile makers across Asia. Keer still spins much of its yarn in China, importing the raw cotton from America, but that is changing.
科爾集團價值2.18億美元的棉紡廠將原棉加工成棉紗，賣給亞洲各國的紡織品生產商。雖然科爾集團繼續從美國進口原棉，在中國加工大部分棉紗，但這種情況正在改變。
“The reasons for Keer coming here? Incentives, land, the environment, the workers,” Zhu Shanqing, Keer’s chairman, said on a recent trip to the United States.
科爾集團董事長朱善慶日前訪問美國時說：「科爾到這裡來的理由是什麼？獎勵措施、土地、環境，還有工人。」
“In China, the whole yarn manufacturing industry is losing money,” he added. “In America, it’s very different.”
「在中國，整個棉紡業都在賠錢，」他又說，「在美國，情況大不相同。」
Since Beijing and Washington resumed trade relations in the early 1970s, the United States has mostly run a huge trade deficit, as Americans consumed billions of dollars in cheap electronics, apparel and other Chinese goods.
自從1970年代初期北京和華府恢復貿易關係以來，美國人消費了數十億美元的廉價電子產品、服裝以及其他中國商品，以致美方幾乎一直有高額的貿易逆差。
But surging labor and energy costs in China are eroding its competitiveness in manufacturing. According to the Boston Consulting Group, manufacturing wages adjusted for productivity almost tripled in China in a decade, to about $12.47 an hour last year from $4.35 an hour in 2004.
但中國的勞動和能源成本飆漲，侵蝕了製造業的競爭力。根據波士頓諮詢公司的資料，過去10年間，中國根據生產力調整後的製造業工資幾乎漲至3倍，2004年的時薪只有4.35美元，去年已漲到12.47美元。
In the United States, manufacturing wages adjusted for productivity have risen less than 30 percent since 2004, to $22.32 an hour, according to the consulting firm. And the higher wages for American workers are offset by lower natural gas prices, as well as inexpensive cotton and local tax breaks and subsidies.
根據波士頓諮詢公司的資料，生產力調整後的美國製造業工資，2004年以來漲不到30%，目前時薪為22.32美元。美國的天然氣價格更低，棉花也便宜，加上地方提供的減稅和補貼，這些都抵銷了美國工人工資高出的部分。
Today, for every $1 required to manufacture in the United States, Boston Consulting estimates that it costs 96 cents to manufacture in China. Yarn production costs in China are now 30 percent higher than in the United States, according to the International Textile Manufacturers Federation.
波士頓諮詢公司估算，在美國需要1美元的製造成本，在中國要0.96美元。根據國際紡織聯盟的資料，中國的棉紗生產成本比美國高出30%。
“Everybody believed that China would always be cheaper,” said Harold L. Sirkin, a senior partner at Boston Consulting. “But things are changing even faster than anyone imagined.”
「所有人都認定，中國的生產成本總是比較便宜，」波士頓諮詢公司資深合夥人哈樂德．L. 塞金說，「但情況變化的速度比所有人想像的都快。」
Rising costs in China are causing a shift of some types of manufacturing to lower-cost countries like Bangladesh, India and Vietnam. In many cases, the exodus has been led by the Chinese themselves, who have aggressively moved to set up manufacturing bases elsewhere.
中國成本上升導致某些類型的製造業轉往孟加拉、印度以及越南等成本更低的國家。很多情況下，帶領製造業大出走的是中國企業，他們一直積極如何教出有責任感的孩子？
2015-08-13 13:42:00
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▼影片／如何教出有責任感的孩子（若無法觀看，請點選連結）
教育孩子向來是一門高深的學問，要如何拿捏尺度，給予孩子適當空間卻又不過度放任，進而教育出獨立又有責任感的孩子，是所有家長都在摸索的功課。美國孩童教育暢銷書籍作者 Laura Markham 博士提供三個要點，掌握這三個原則，就能幫助孩子成長喔！
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1. 讓孩子選擇
從小就要培養孩子「做出選擇」的能力，尤其是要從錯誤的選擇之中學習，良好的判斷能力就是從這些經驗之中累積的。家長要懂得放手讓孩子做決定，避免插手干預。
2. 取代處罰，帶領孩子解決問題
當孩子搗蛋或犯錯時，不要處罰或責罵，而是帶領孩子思考要如何解決自己闖的禍。假如兒子動手打了姊姊，就要帶著他思考：「你打了你姊姊，你破壞了那關係。我們可以怎麼解決問題？有什麼你可以做的補救嗎？一個補償？」
3. 以同理心設下限制
在限制、管教孩子的同時，要以同理心為出發點。例如孩子在餐廳吵鬧，除了制止他們不能在餐廳裡跑來跑去以外，更要以同理心思考：「我發現帶你們到這餐廳並不太合適。你們只有三歲，而且這是漫長一天的尾聲！」站在孩子的角度，那就是養育孩子最理想的方式－－有同理心的限制。
【看影片學片語】
※ in terms of 就...方面來說
Instead, think in terms of problem-solving.（取而代之地，就解決問題方面來思考。）
※ figure out 想出、理解
So, we look at the problem and we help our child figure out...（所以，我們研究那問題，然後我們幫助孩子解決...）
※ think for oneself 獨立思考
And in fact, there's a lot of research that demanding parents don't raise kids who think for themselves...（事實上，有許多研究指出，要求多的父母養不出能獨立思考的孩子...）
【更多精采內容，詳見《希平方》】前往其他地區設立製造基地。
From 2000 to 2014, Chinese companies invested $46 billion on new projects and acquisitions in the United States. The Carolinas are now home to at least 20 Chinese manufacturers.
2000年至2014年間，中國企業在美國的新專案和併購的投資總額已達到460億美元。至少有20家中國製造業者在南、北卡羅來納州設立據點。
“I never thought the Chinese would be the ones bringing textile jobs back,” said Keith Tunnell, president of the Lancaster County Economic Development Corporation.
蘭開斯特郡經濟發展公司總裁凱斯．童尼爾說：「我從沒想到把紡織業工作機會帶回來的，會是中國人。」
（張佑生譯）
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